Tableaux de données probantes et liste de reference (en anglais)
Following a stroke event, high levels of disability may warrant admission to a long term care institution. Independent predictors of discharge to a nursing home have been identified and include increasing age, increasing dependency for ADLs and absence of availability of a caregiver (Pereira et al. 2014, Brodaty et al. 2010, Portelli et al. 2005). The numbers of patients admitted to a long-term care facility, both immediately upon discharge from hospitals, and up to 10 years post stroke have been examined. At one month following discharge from hospital, Chuang et al. (2005) reported that of 714 patients admitted to hospital following stroke, 1 month after discharge 4.5% of patients had died and 10.4% had been admitted to a LTC facility. Brodaty et al. (2010) followed 202 participants, mean age of 72 years, without dementia who had suffered an ischemic stroke. Among those who survived, nursing home admission rates were 24% at 5 years and 32% at 10 years. Walsh et al. (2008) reported that among a group of 136 patients admitted to a stroke unit of a single hospital (median age was 77 years), 40.3% of patients were institutionalized at 4 years.
Patients discharged to long term care require discharge planning much like individuals returning to their own homes. Several studies have examined factors for effective discharge communication between inpatient hospital care and institutional care facilities. Clear communication between facilities regarding nutritional needs, functional status, communication abilities, risk assessment, and medical management is necessary for an optimal transition. (Sackley & Pound 2002; Sackley & Pound 2002).
Individuals residing in skilled nursing facilities with staff trained in stroke management, and who have access to post stroke therapy resources, may experience better quality of life. In a study (Brajkovic 2009) examining individuals living in a nursing home who received 24 hour care including access to psychiatric care, physician visits, daily physiotherapy, and weekly massage services, nursing home residents experienced greater quality of physical, psychological, social, and environmental quality of life scores compared with individuals living in their own homes receiving many of the same services. Individuals residing in nursing homes also experienced better perceived quality of life and health status than their residentially residing counterparts.